New coronavirus prevention and control, which kind of antiseptic best?

Wuhan novel coronavirus epidemic continues to spread, the epidemic prevention situation is grim.

The discovery of viral nucleic acids from environmental surfaces such as doorknobs and in patients’ faeces across the country suggests the virus could cause widespread environmental contamination, greatly increasing people’s risk of contracting the disease through indirect contact.

In view of this, in recent days, the whole country has carried out a large-scale disinfection campaign.

The guidelines for Wuhan novel coronavirus infection stress that patients should undergo strict environmental disinfection because their environment can cause widespread contamination.

It is recommended to use liquid chlorine-based disinfectant with effective chlorine not less than 1000ppm. Of course, the use of what kind of disinfectant is ideal, this needs to be based on research evidence, among which, the most important is Wuhan novel coronavirus to various physical and chemical factors of possible resistance.

Wuhan new coronavirus belongs to an enveloped virus and is sensitive to most disinfectants

The resistance of the virus to inactivation factors is largely determined by its structure and is thus divided into two types:

Enveloped and non-enveloped viruses:

The main structure of an enveloped virus is composed of the core genetic material (DNA, or RNA), and the protein capsid.

This kind of virus usually has very strong resistance to a variety of physical and chemical factors, is not easy to be inactivated, so the infectivity is also relatively strong.

The most typical example is norovirus, which causes the vast majority of non-suppurative diarrhea:

An enveloped virus is a virus that surrounds its genetic material with a membrane of lipid molecules from the host cell, on which viral proteins are embedded.

The common influenza viruses, AIDS virus, SARS virus which caused the severe epidemic in the world in recent years, MERS virus in the Middle East and ebola virus in Africa are all enveloped viruses.

Compared with non-enveloped virus, enveloped virus is more fragile and easier to be inactivated.

Therefore, enveloped viruses are usually sensitive to common physical and chemical factors.

It happened in Wuhan and was named 2019-ncov by WHO. Like SARS virus and MERS virus in the Middle East, it belongs to novel coronavirus and also belongs to enveloped RNA virus.

Although there are some differences among various viruses, in terms of resistance to physical and chemical factors, 2019-ncov should be close to SARS virus and MERS virus in the Middle East.

Therefore, although specific data on 2019-ncov are not available, the resistance of 2019-ncov is usually inferred from the knowledge derived from SARS and MERS viruses in the Middle East.

Now, let’s look at some specific studies to enhance our perceptual knowledge.

In one study, for example, the SARS virus was incubated at 58°C or 68°C, both of which showed a rapid decline in infectivity.

At 58°C for 30 minutes, or 68 °C for 10 minutes, almost all viruses were inactivated.

However, SARS virus showed considerable resistance to alkaline treatment and drying at room temperature.

Therefore, alkaline treatment is not easy to inactivate the virus.

Remarkably, the SARS virus is resistant to dryness.

At room temperature, SARS virus was inoculated on a glass plate for 6 days of natural drying inactivation experiment.

In the 49 days of natural drying inactivation experiment, all inactivation can be guaranteed until 35~42 days.

Other studies have found similar results.

This is a lot of data will say, SARS virus, MERS and other novel coronavirus can survive longer in dry surface, even more than January based on.

This suggests that 2019-ncov, like SARS, could survive on smooth, hard surfaces for more than a month.

Of course, the SARS virus has shown considerable sensitivity to many disinfectants, especially the cheap and very commonly used chlorine-based disinfectants.

Among them, the most commonly used chlorine-based disinfectant in the world now is sodium hypochlorite solution, once the very common domestic bleaching powder is a solid chlorine-based disinfectant based on calcium hypochlorite.

At present the domestic common disinfectant, “84 disinfectant” the main component is sodium hypochlorite.

In the above experiments, the SARS virus inoculated on a glass dish dry, if the water washing alone, the virus density almost no reduction; However, as long as the sodium hypochlorite solution of 6,400 PPM is treated, regardless of the length of time, the virus can be completely inactivated.

In view of its excellent sterilizing properties, the international authorities such as WHO and CDC also recommend sodium hypochlorite as a disinfectant for epidemic prevention and control, especially for environmental disinfection in medical institutions.

In the high-profile ebola outbreak in Africa, for example, both agencies recommended 0.5 percent hypochlorous acid solution as a disinfectant.

Some of the other disinfectant specific data is not a list.

Soap wash your hands, alcohol-based cleaning disinfectant wipe your hands and disinfect easily damage the surface of the object, sodium hypochlorite disinfect the surface of the object, it is enough

A few days ago, the author has introduced respectively soap + water to wash hands, alcohol to wipe hands and the alcohol clean disinfection of object surface.

And to big, relative character does not fear the disinfection of object surface of corrode damage environment, and the disinfection that home resembles the ground, toilet, the best effect is hypochlorite sodium solution, namely “84 disappear poison”.

However, people who have used it know that 84 disinfectant has a big drawback is that it is very irritating and a certain amount of corrosion, for some easy damage to the object, is not suitable for the use of 84 disinfectant.

As for the specific method of use, you may refer to the specification of the goods.

Therefore, in general, for the current prevention and control of the 2019-ncov epidemic, it is better to maintain a good combination of personal and environmental hygiene: Wash hands with soap and water regularly and regularly, and rub hands for no less than 20 seconds;

If there is no soap and running water available, and there is no obvious contamination of the hands, you can use an alcohol-based hand rub solution with a concentration of 75-80% alcohol for no less than 20 seconds, preferably no less than 30 seconds.

For a few small things, especially the object surface that is afraid of corroding, can use afore-mentioned alcohol is base wash fluid cleanness, for instance, door handle, mobile phone, computer, desktop;

For floor, toilet, and environment disinfection, can use 0.5~0.75% concentration of sodium hypochlorite solution, or 10% bleaching powder (mainly calcium hypochlorite) solution for disinfection.